A college instructor who wants to test the effect of unfair berating administers an hour exam to both sections of a specific course.The overall performance of the two sections is essentially the same.The grades of one section are artificially lowered,however,and the instructor berates the students for performing so badly.The instructor then administers the same final exam to both sections and discovers that the performance of the unfairly berated section is worse.The hypothesis is confirmed,and the research report is published.