The dependent variables for investigating the effects on achievement were the overall score and the knowledge and critical thinking subscores on an investigator-made achievement test given at the conclusion of the unit of study. Group means were compared using a one-way analysis of variance. Significant differences favoring the 4MAT group were found for overall achievement (F (1,52) = 6.19, p < .05) and on critical thinking questions (F (1,52) = 13.07, p