A rectangular tank, with dimensions of 0.33 m 0.30 m
0.56 m (L W H) by considering an effective depth of 0.53 m and
a 50 L void volume in the presence of vegetation and other internals,
was used to form a high efficiency root zone system. The
unique feature of the system is the arrangement of 15 vertical PVC
pipes (a 500 mm effective height 60 mm outer diameter) with
numerous surface perforations of 20 mm diameter for liquid
transportation (assembled as a rack and called Bio-rack). The
occupied area and specific surface were 0.06 m2 and 54 m2/m3
effective volume (57 m2/m3 filled volume), respectively. Thirty
Typha sp. plants were held in the support matrix at the initial stage
of plantation. The inlet and outlet system was installed in accordance
with the standard practice of WWRC and WRI. In addition,
the identical configuration of present laboratory scale model was
preserved for the unplanted condition and used for the control
purpose (52 L void volume).