I. CONCLUSIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS
A. CONCLUSIONS
1.1 As previously observed, the question at the centre of Brazil's complaint in this dispute has been well litigated in WTO dispute settlement. This core question concerns how the AD Agreement (and Article VI of the GATT 1994) defines the notion of "dumping": is it a concept that relates to an exporter's overall pricing behaviour that can only be measured with respect to the "product as a whole"; or can it also be conceived of and measured on a transaction-specific basis? Although fundamental and of critical importance to the operation of the AD Agreement, our evaluation of the parties' arguments and relevant jurisprudence has led us to conclude that there exists no single answer to this question. The objective lack of clarity on this issue, to some extent also recognized by the Appellate Body , lends legitimacy to both parties' positions. However, the Appellate Body has consistently only found room for there to be one permissible interpretation of "dumping"; and for the important systemic reasons described above , we have decided to follow this interpretation and come to the final conclusions expressed in this report. Nevertheless, we wish to once again emphasize that all Members have a strong systemic interest in seeing that a lasting resolution to the "zeroing" controversy is found sooner rather than later. In this regard, we note that Members have not only sought to resolve the issue of "zeroing" through WTO dispute settlement, but they are also trying to address it through negotiations in the Negotiating Group on Rules in the context of the Doha Development Agenda .