The basic investment costs for constructed wetlands include land, site investigation, system design,
earthwork, liners, filtration (HF and VF CWs) or rooting (FWS CWs) media, vegetation, hydraulic
control structures and miscellaneous costs (e.g., fencing, access roads) [41]. However, the proportions
of individual costs vary widely in different parts of the world. Also, larger systems demonstrate greater
economies for scale [41].