Antibiotics can be removed effectively from the environment via
adsorption on sludge, sediments, soils, and pure minerals if they have
a high affinity for the solid surfaces. The reported CIP adsorption
coefficient Kd ranged from 400 L/kg (Uslu et al., 2008) to as much as
45,000 L/kg (Vasudevan et al., 2009). The large variation of Kd was
often related to the relative contents of different components, such as
clay minerals, metal (hydr)oxides, and humic materials, in soils from
different geographic area.