Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a Gram-positive coccal bacterium comprising part of the
human skin, nares and gastrointestinal tract normal microbiota. It is also an important cause of
nosocomial/community-acquired infections in humans and animals, which can cause a diverse array
of infections, including sepsis, which is a progressive systemic inflammation response syndrome that is
frequently fatal. The emergence of drug-resistant strains and the high toxicity of the treatments used for
these infections point out the need to develop an effective, inexpensive and safe vaccine that can be used
prophylactically. In this work, we used an experimental sepsis model to evaluate the effectiveness of
whole antigens from S. aureus (SaAg) given by the intranasal route to induce protective immunity against
S. aureus infection in mice. BALB/c mice were vaccinated via intranasal or intramuscular route with two
doses of SaAg, followed by biocompatibility and immunogenicity evaluations. Vaccinated animals did
not show any adverse effects associated with the vaccine, as determined by transaminase and creatinine
measurements. Intranasal, but not intramuscular vaccination with SaAg led to a significant reduction in
IL-10 production and was associated with increased level of IFN- and NO. SaAg intranasal vaccination
was able to prime cellular and humoral immune responses and inducing a higher proliferation index
and increased production of specific IgG1/IgG2, which contributed to decrease the bacterial load in both
liver and the spleen and improve survival during sepsis. These findings present the first evidence of
the effectiveness of whole Ag intranasal-based vaccine administration, which expands the vaccination
possibilities against S. aureus infection.
Staphylococcus aureus (S. aureus) is a Gram-positive coccal bacterium comprising part of thehuman skin, nares and gastrointestinal tract normal microbiota. It is also an important cause ofnosocomial/community-acquired infections in humans and animals, which can cause a diverse arrayof infections, including sepsis, which is a progressive systemic inflammation response syndrome that isfrequently fatal. The emergence of drug-resistant strains and the high toxicity of the treatments used forthese infections point out the need to develop an effective, inexpensive and safe vaccine that can be usedprophylactically. In this work, we used an experimental sepsis model to evaluate the effectiveness ofwhole antigens from S. aureus (SaAg) given by the intranasal route to induce protective immunity againstS. aureus infection in mice. BALB/c mice were vaccinated via intranasal or intramuscular route with twodoses of SaAg, followed by biocompatibility and immunogenicity evaluations. Vaccinated animals didnot show any adverse effects associated with the vaccine, as determined by transaminase and creatininemeasurements. Intranasal, but not intramuscular vaccination with SaAg led to a significant reduction inIL-10 production and was associated with increased level of IFN- and NO. SaAg intranasal vaccinationwas able to prime cellular and humoral immune responses and inducing a higher proliferation indexand increased production of specific IgG1/IgG2, which contributed to decrease the bacterial load in bothliver and the spleen and improve survival during sepsis. These findings present the first evidence ofthe effectiveness of whole Ag intranasal-based vaccine administration, which expands the vaccinationpossibilities against S. aureus infection.
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