Few participants described their designs as being underpinned by theories of learning. For example, one said, “I have a theoretical
approach to learning, and so there is a theoretical model that I use” (Richard, Sciences). For the most part, they spoke more of their personal
beliefs about how students learn best, for example: “I'd say primarily my beliefs about the best way to teach, and my beliefs about how
students learn best and what they need to learn” (Patricia, Professions). Beliefs about teaching and learning were described as selecting
ideas from educational theories that ‘made sense’, rather than adhering to one approach. This reluctance to limit oneself to one particular
theory is expressed in the following quote: