The ensiling process involves many steps which should be timed and controlled carefully to ensure successful ensiling
with minimal economic losses and health risks. The economic impact is difficult to assess as it involves various cost aspects in terms of veterinary and medical care, loss of raw material and reduced yield. Although humans, animals and their pathogens have coexisted for millennia, new health risks have emerged recently owing to the combination of rapid structural changes in the livestock sector, geographic clustering of intensive livestock production facilities near urban population centers and the movement of animals, people and pathogens between intensive and traditional production systems. For example, Bovine Spongiform Encephalopathy (BSE) or “the Mad Cow disease” is a progressive and invariably fatal neurodegeneration in cattle
(Imran and Mahmood, 2011).