Animals: Wild P. semisulcatus in the range of 0.5 to 1g
were collected from Kuwait bay and used for the study.
Preparation of feed with HFA: Two concentrations (1 and
2%) of the commercial herbal feed additive (VIP Bio
Products, India) were evaluated by incorporating the
herbal product in the shrimp feed (vital prawn feed,
Higashimaru Co, Japan). Briefly, 10 g and 20 g of the
herbal product was mixed with 1 kg of the commercial
feed, respectively, to get 1 and 2% herbal product
incorporated diets. A binder from VIP Bio Products, India
was used for mixing the HFA with the feed at the rate of
20 ml/kg feed. The control diet was only the vital prawn
feed without the herbal feed additive and binder.