Use of molecular markers for identification of protected species offers a greater promise
in the field of conservation biology. The information on genetic diversity of wildlife is necessary to
ascertain the genetically deteriorated populations so that better management plans can be established
for their conservation. Accurate classification of these threatened species allows understanding
of the species biology and identification of distinct populations that should be managed with
utmost care. Molecular markers are versatile tools for identification of populations with genetic crisis
by comparing genetic diversities that in turn helps to resolve taxonomic uncertainties and to
establish management units within species. The genetic marker analysis also provides sensitive
and useful tools for prevention of illegal hunting and poaching and for more effective implementation
of the laws for protection of the endangered species. This review summarizes various tools of
DNA markers technology for application in molecular diversity analysis with special emphasis on
wildlife conservation.