Pareto optimality can be illustrated with reference to public choice in graphic form. Figure 10 - 8 posits a hypothetical social value (X) relative to the accomplishment of all other social values. The indifference curve refers to the combination of values about which society is indifferent (at least up to a point); the value achievement curve indicates the optimal combination of values that it is possible for government to encourage given limited resources. The point of optimal achievement of Value X and optimal achievement of all other social values constitutes the point of Pareto optimality The closer that society gets to the point of Pareto optimality. The closer that society gets to the point of Pareto optimality is considered a Pareto improvement.