The concept of relations between the individual and the environment is basic to geographic thinking and underlies the second of our three basic questions.By an environment ,geographers mean the sum total of condition that surround a person and at one point on the earth’s surface. For early people these condition were largely natural and included such elements as the local climate , terrain ,vegetation ,and soils. Whit the rise of civilization people surrounded themselves with artifacts which, because of their sheer scale and longevity ,because an integral part of their environment .for today’s urban dweller the environment is dominated by the fixed structures of urban life. The natural environment has been either replaced or radically modified.