students whether they have background knowledge about them and if the song has a video clip, playing it
silently and asking students to make predictions about the theme of the song can be utilized in this stage.
An example from an application regarding how to make use of a song of which theme is wedding ceremony,
which is a cultural element, in Turkish as a foreign language classes is given below. In this application, the first
step consists of pre-listening activities composed with the purpose of familiarizing students with the text.