In 2002, the fraud guidance was expanded by the Statement of Auditing Standards (SAS) No. 99 (AICPA, 2002) to reinforce to auditors the need to maintain professional skepticism and overcome the tendency of over-reliance on client representation. SAS No. 99 includes a brainstorming requirement, which mandates an audit team to discuss the potential for material misstatements due to fraud and encourages the auditors to share client information and experiences in order to develop a better understanding of fraud possibilities (Ramos,2003).