For seed inoculum, a loop of G. hansenii CGMCC 3917 was trans- ferred from a slant culture into an Erlenmeyer flask (250 mL) con- taining 100 mL of seed medium with the same components as glucose agar slants but without agar. Then it was cultivated at 30 °C in a rotary shaker incubator at 150 rpm for 12–18 h until it reached the logarithmic growth phase (Ge et al., 2011).
WBY was obtained from TsingTao Brewery Xi’an Hans group co., Ltd. (Xi’an, Shaan xi, China).