a For definitions of phenotypes see materials and methods and Fig. 1. Red and black phenotypes where found to be independently inherited. Thus, some crosses where both colors segregated were used for the analyses of both traits.
๖ In some of the trials, a single parent was pairwisely mated more than once with different counterparts (see remarks).
age of 4 to 8 months, when their body size was over 3 cm and colors were well manifested. Due to disease problems and technical difficulties, out of about 120 progeny groups that were phenotyped for pigmentation as larvae only 76 survived and grew up to be phenotyped as juveniles. In general, groups analyzed contained 50 or more individuals. We found red and Bekko phenotypes to be independently inherited, thus, we analyzed crosses in which both