. At this boundary, the Anstralian plate moves northest, subducting beneath the sunda plate on which Sumatra rides, at a relative speed of 6.6 cm/year
2.6 in./year). This is where the M 9.1 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake struck December 26,2004, triggering the dev-earthquake Indian Ocean tsunami (more on this in Chapterb16); the guake and seismic wave took 228,000 lives. For complete listings of these and other earthquakes, go to
http://earhquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/.
What are the mechanisms that produce such dramatic tectonic events? Why do most quakes strike in total sur-prise, such as I Haiti and Chie in 2010
Focus, Epicenter, Foreshock, and Aftershock
The subsurface area along a fault plane, where the motion of seismic waves is initiated, is the focus, or hypocenter, of an earthquake (see the labels in Figure 12.19) the area at the surface directly above the focus is the epicenter. Shock waves produced by an earthquake radiate outward through the crust from the focus and epicenter. Some of the seismic waves are conducted throughout the planet to
. At this boundary, the Anstralian plate moves northest, subducting beneath the sunda plate on which Sumatra rides, at a relative speed of 6.6 cm/year2.6 in./year). This is where the M 9.1 Sumatra-Andaman earthquake struck December 26,2004, triggering the dev-earthquake Indian Ocean tsunami (more on this in Chapterb16); the guake and seismic wave took 228,000 lives. For complete listings of these and other earthquakes, go to http://earhquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/.What are the mechanisms that produce such dramatic tectonic events? Why do most quakes strike in total sur-prise, such as I Haiti and Chie in 2010Focus, Epicenter, Foreshock, and AftershockThe subsurface area along a fault plane, where the motion of seismic waves is initiated, is the focus, or hypocenter, of an earthquake (see the labels in Figure 12.19) the area at the surface directly above the focus is the epicenter. Shock waves produced by an earthquake radiate outward through the crust from the focus and epicenter. Some of the seismic waves are conducted throughout the planet to
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