The results of the first study confirmed the feasibility of daily inclusion of specific vegetables, reduction in renal acid load and increased urine pH. The subsequent Scarborough Fair Study (SF) used a randomised, active comparator design to increase specific vegetable/herb/fruit intake in two groups (A and B) of 50 PM women, from ≤ 5 servings/day to ≥ 9 servings/day for 3 months while a control group consumed their usual diet (n=43). Primary outcome variables were plasma bone markers which were assessed at baseline, six weeks and twelve weeks. Secondary outcome variables were plasma inflammation markers including adiponectin, urinary electrolytes (calcium, magnesium, potassium and sodium) and dietary intake assessed at baseline and 12 weeks and urinary pH assessed twice weekly. Increased intake of vegetables/herbs/fruit reduced P1NP and CTX (osteopenia) in Group B (SF) and urinary calcium loss in both intervention groups A and B (SF) with reduced PRAL. Adiponectin, tumour necrosis factor, interleukin 6 and 10 reduced in all groups.