Our study showed that agroforestry systems increased microbial
resilience to severe water stress conditions, especially in heavier
soils and with older trees. This feedback effect of soil properties in agroforestry
systems could operate directly on crop productivity, and,
under some circumstances, may increase crop drought resistance.
However, relationships between soil biochemical properties and
both soil microbial resilience or crop productivity among different
agroforestry systems and water stress treatments appear to be complex,
and highly context-dependent. Because patterns of soil and
wheat responses to agroforestry and water stress were not consistent
between the two study sites, our results warrant cautious interpretation.
Future research should explore the specific role of soil parent
material, different fractions of soil organic matter and tree size in regulating
the effects of trees on soil biochemical properties and resilience
in agroforestry systems and determine whether these factors
may mitigate crop productivity under different abiotic stress conditions
such as drought. It would also be interesting to consider microbial
functional diversity. This will enhance our understanding of the
performance of soil microbial biomass under stress conditions.
Our study showed that agroforestry systems increased microbialresilience to severe water stress conditions, especially in heaviersoils and with older trees. This feedback effect of soil properties in agroforestrysystems could operate directly on crop productivity, and,under some circumstances, may increase crop drought resistance.However, relationships between soil biochemical properties andboth soil microbial resilience or crop productivity among differentagroforestry systems and water stress treatments appear to be complex,and highly context-dependent. Because patterns of soil andwheat responses to agroforestry and water stress were not consistentbetween the two study sites, our results warrant cautious interpretation.Future research should explore the specific role of soil parentmaterial, different fractions of soil organic matter and tree size in regulatingthe effects of trees on soil biochemical properties and resiliencein agroforestry systems and determine whether these factorsmay mitigate crop productivity under different abiotic stress conditionssuch as drought. It would also be interesting to consider microbialfunctional diversity. This will enhance our understanding of theperformance of soil microbial biomass under stress conditions.
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