Various additives can mitigate ash related issues by the following possible mechanisms: 1) capturing problematic ash species via chemical adsorption and reactions,
2) physical adsorption and elutriating troublesome ash species from combustion facilities,
3) increasing the biomass ash melting temperature by enhancing inert elements/compounds in ash residues, and
4) restraining biomass ash sintering by diluting and powdering effects from the additives