Electronic materials are not a major type of material by production volume but are an extremely important type of material for advanced engineering technology.The most important electronic material is pue silicon that is modified in various ways to change its electrical characteristics.A multitude of complex electronic circuits can be miniaturized on a silicon chip that is about 3/4 in. square (1.90 cm square)(Fig. 1.12) Microelectronic devices have made possible such new products as communication satellites, advanced computers, handheld calculators, digital watches, and robots (Fig. 1.13)