2. Distribution of Energy in atoms and Molecules
Atoms and molecules can only exist in a limited number of discrete energy levels: they cannot have energies between these levels, i.e., their energy levels are quantized. Each molecules species has a unique set of energy levels that depends on its unique atomic structure (electrons, protons, neutrons) and molecular structure (type and arrangement of atoms and bonds).The lowest of these energy levels is referred to as the ground state, while higher levels are referred to as excited states. The potential energy of an atom or molecule is usually defined relative to the ground state (which is arbitrarily taken to have zero energy). The potential energy of a molecule is made –up of contributions from a number of different sources: electronic, vibrational, rotational, translation and nuclear.
2. Distribution of Energy in atoms and Molecules Atoms and molecules can only exist in a limited number of discrete energy levels: they cannot have energies between these levels, i.e., their energy levels are quantized. Each molecules species has a unique set of energy levels that depends on its unique atomic structure (electrons, protons, neutrons) and molecular structure (type and arrangement of atoms and bonds).The lowest of these energy levels is referred to as the ground state, while higher levels are referred to as excited states. The potential energy of an atom or molecule is usually defined relative to the ground state (which is arbitrarily taken to have zero energy). The potential energy of a molecule is made –up of contributions from a number of different sources: electronic, vibrational, rotational, translation and nuclear.
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