The human immunopathogenesis of melioi-dosis is not completely understood. There are re-ports on increased levels of a number of proinflam-matory cytokines and chemokines, suggesting that these mediators may be involved in the pathogenesis of melioidosis1. One of those proinflammatory cyto-kines produced by a subset of T cells distinct from T helper-type 1 or –type 2 cells2 and involved in the host defense against bacterial infections3 is IL-17.