Hours of daily work outside the home .591 .442
≤ 8 17 62.96 18 50.00
> 8 10 37.04 18 50.00
Family income (baht) .985 .611
< 15,000 12 26.67 16 35.56
15,000-30,000 26 57.78 24 53.33
> 30,000 7 15.55 5 11.11
Type of family 1.182 .277
Nuclear family 25 55.60 31 68.90
Extended family 20 44.40 14 31.10
Food preparation 2.353 .308
Buying 11 24.44 13 28.89
Cooking 22 48.89 15 33.33
Buying and cooking 12 26.67 17 37.78
Gravidity 1.212 .271
Primigravida 19 42.22 13 28.89
Multigravida 26 57.78 32 71.11
Gestational age at the beginning
of the study
.452 .798
20-24 weeks 14 31.11 17 37.78
25-28 weeks 17 37.78 15 33.33
29-30 weeks 14 31.11 13 28.89
Pre-pregnancy BMI (kg/m2
) .000 1.000