2. Research area and methods
2.1. Research area
This study was carried out in Pang Prarachatan village,
which is located in Mae Fah Luang sub-district (Fig. 1). The
government established this village for a hill tribe that was
to resettle and reforest the woods. In this village, the total
number of households was 72. The populations are minority
groups of Thai Yai, Lua, Lue, and Akha, and 44.8% of
respondent farmers migrated from Myanmar. Fifty-four
percent of respondent farmers did not get official education,
and they are communicating with their native language. The
main crops are fruits such as litchi (Litchi chinensis), santol
(Sandoricum koetjape Merr.), and longan (Dimocarpus
longan Lour.). Bare bench terraces are common in this
village (Mihara et al., 2004).