Grape pomace enzymatic extract (GP-EE) exhibits a potent antioxidant and vasodilator
activity, although the mechanisms underlying this action are not completely understood.
Our aim was to evaluate its vasoactive mechanisms, focusing on vascular NADPH oxidase
and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-dependent pathways. GP-EE effectively restored vascular
impairment induced by the NADPH oxidase activator endothelin-1 through downregulation
of its Nox-1 and p47phox subunits. GP-EE partially prevented endothelial dysfunction elicited
by the SOD inhibitor, DETCA, preserving EC-SOD and Mn-SOD isoenzymes protein expression.
Although many of these vasoactive effects could be attributed to the presence of catechin,
GP-EE was able to exert additional protection against the vascular deleterious effects
evoked by NADPHox activation and SOD inhibition. This additional vasoprotection could be
related to the enzymatic extraction process, providing polyphenols from winemaking residue
with a potent activity against vascular dysfunction by preventing NADPHox activation
and maintaining SOD defense, making GP-EE as an ideal nutritional supplement.
Grape pomace enzymatic extract (GP-EE) exhibits a potent antioxidant and vasodilator
activity, although the mechanisms underlying this action are not completely understood.
Our aim was to evaluate its vasoactive mechanisms, focusing on vascular NADPH oxidase
and superoxide dismutase (SOD)-dependent pathways. GP-EE effectively restored vascular
impairment induced by the NADPH oxidase activator endothelin-1 through downregulation
of its Nox-1 and p47phox subunits. GP-EE partially prevented endothelial dysfunction elicited
by the SOD inhibitor, DETCA, preserving EC-SOD and Mn-SOD isoenzymes protein expression.
Although many of these vasoactive effects could be attributed to the presence of catechin,
GP-EE was able to exert additional protection against the vascular deleterious effects
evoked by NADPHox activation and SOD inhibition. This additional vasoprotection could be
related to the enzymatic extraction process, providing polyphenols from winemaking residue
with a potent activity against vascular dysfunction by preventing NADPHox activation
and maintaining SOD defense, making GP-EE as an ideal nutritional supplement.
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