TF content was determined with a colourimetric method according to Jia, Tang, and Wu (1998). Briefly, 0.25 mL of ethanol or ethanol/water extracts of spices was diluted with 1.25 mL of distilled water. Then 75 μL of aqueous NaNO2 solution with the concentration of 5 g/100 mL was added, and the mixture was allowed to stay at room temperature. After 6 min, 150 μL of AlCl3 × 6H2O solution (10 g/100 mL) was added, and the mixture was allowed to stand for another 5 min. After that, 0.5 mL of 1 mol/L NaOH was added. The solution was thoroughly mixed, and the absorbance measured immediately against the prepared blank sample at 510 nm using a spectrophotometer (UV-160 1PC, Shimadzu, Tokyo, Japan). TF content was standardized against (+)-catechin (CA) and the results were expressed as mg CA/g dry matter (DM). The linearity range for this assay was determined at 0.01–1.0 mg CA/mL (R2 = 0.99).