1. Introduction
Dipterocarpaceae is the main species of tropical rain forest in Indonesia, Malaysia, Brunei and the Phillippines and it ranges eastwards as far as eastern New Guinea [1]. In Indonesia, the species of dipterocarpaceae is dominated in Sumatra and Borneo Island where the number of dipterocarps species are 106 (10% endemicity) and 267 (58% endemicity) [2]. Dipterocarpaceas in the forest is harvested to produce wood product because the wood is categories as fancy wood. The timber of dipterocarps (roundwood logs) was 25% from total global consumtion of tropical hardwood [3]. In the primary forest at tropical rain forest the wood valume was estimated 211.75 m3 ha-1 where dipterocaps was 86,9% of total volume [4]. Recently, the quality and quantity of tropical rain forest are decreasing because of land convertion become forest plantation; illegal logging and shifting cultivation activity. They will increase the loss of biodiversity in both species and genetic levels. On the other hand, the forest function such as corbon sink, hidrology, non wood product will disappear. Moreover, in natural forest of tropical rain forest, the total growth rate for all species was about 0.22 cm.years-1 and the dipterocarps growth was 0.40 cm.years-1 [5]. This data indicates that the sustainability forest management (SFM) is not achieved without enrichment planting especially using dipterocarps species. This activity has 2 advantages, those are by improving the quality and quantity of tropical rain forest to be harvested in the next rotation and also conserving the dipterocarps as indegenous species to stay exist. In this paper we review the silviculture treatment to increase the forest productivity of tropical rain forest by using Shorea spp where the objectives of this research were to identify spacing, fertilizer dosage and also species of Shorea spp to have an optimal growth.
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