bits to represent
each LLR only leads to very small performance loss. Using this
word length, the hardware complexities of the proposed sorter
and path constructor are listed in Table II. The gates in this table
are two-input gates. Each AND or OR gate has 3/4 of the area of
an XOR gate, and each two-input 1-bit multiplexor requires the
same area as an XOR. These assumptions are used in the gate
number estimation in Table II. In our design,