Although there is still some controversy regarding the relationship
between DF consumption (including RS) and energy
intake, this study revealed a reduction in the energy consumption
in the UBF group after the intervention. This finding
corresponded with elevated plasma levels of PYY and reduced
ghrelin levels, as well as with self-reported reduction in hunger
and increased satiety in these subjects.The same changes were
observed when compared to the Control group after the intervention
period. Moreover, intervention with UBF (intake of
approximately 15 g of RS/week) showed a positive impact on
glucose homeostasis, as a reduction in the serum fasting insulin
secretion was observed as reflected by improvements in the
insulin resistance indicators HOMA2-IR and QUICKI. As a high
source of RS, UBF can be used as a functional ingredient in order
to increase the available supply of products with high RS content, which in turn could contribute to healthy daily eating
habits.