This trial adjusted for appropriate variables utilising logistic regression models unlike the NICU study of PSP [6]. Given that lesion size was an independent predictor of PSP in these patients, this probes into alternative mechanisms for PSP as part of its multi-factorial causation. The authors implicate a putative model based on a CNS injury-induced immunodeficiency syndrome (CIDs). Connections with the sympathetic nervous system and hypothalamic-pituitary axis may modulate cytokine production, with a greater production of cytokines with larger lesions. Hence, targeting prophylactic interventions specifically at patients with larger lesions could prevent negative outcomes. This concept was addressed in a recent trial, discussed in the treatment section.