Pulmonic consonants are consonants that depend upon an egressive (outward-flowing) air stream originating in the lungs. For more details on pulmonic consonant airstream characteristics see the topic on " Airstream and laryngeal features in speech production".
The following table contains all of the single-articulation pulmonic consonants listed in the International Phonetic Alphabet (revised to 2005). The aspirated stops and the voiceless alveolar trill don't actually belong in this table as they are combinations of existing consonant symbols plus diacritics.
The column titles are abbreviations of the place of articulation of the consonants in that column. For a key to the place-of-articulation abbreviations, see the table immediately below this table. For more information on consonant place of articulation, see the topic Consonants.
The row titles indicate the manner of articulation of the sounds in that row. For more information on consonant manner of articulation, see the topic Consonants.
In this table, whenever two symbols appear in the same cell, the upper symbol is voiceless and the lower symbol is voiced. For more detailed information on voicing in consonants see the topic on "Airstream and laryngeal features in speech production".
The third symbol in the oral stop cells is the voiceless aspirated stop. For information on voicing and aspiration in oral stops (voice onset time), see the topic on Airstream and Laryngeal Features in Speech Production.