This analysis examined the effects of delamanid in combination
with OBR on final treatment outcomes for MDR-TB
patients who were followed through the entire course of
treatment up to 24 months. Initially, all patients enrolled in a 2-
month treatment randomised controlled trial [18] with a
subsequent subset of these patients enrolling in a 6-month,
open-label treatment trial. Beyond the time of participation in
either of these trials, key follow-up data on patient treatment
and management through the remainder of the full treatment
period was collected in an observational study. Both trials and
the study were sponsored by Otsuka Pharmaceutical Development
and Commercialization (Otsuka, Tokyo, Japan.) and were
designed to fit within the WHO treatment paradigm for
MDR-TB (fig. 1) [19]. Parent Trial 242-07-204 (Trial 204) was a
double-blind, randomised controlled trial evaluating delamanid
100 mg or 200 mg administered twice daily for 2 months
in combination with OBR in patients with pulmonary, sputum
culture-positive MDR-TB (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier
NCT00685360) [18]. Trial 242-07-208 (Trial 208) was a noncontrolled,
open-label extension of Trial 204 that evaluated
delamanid 100 mg and/or 200 mg twice daily in combination
with OBR for an additional 6 months in those patients who
completed Trial 204 (ClinicalTrials.gov identifier NCT01424670).
Study 242-10-116 (Study 116) was an observational study of
patients who were randomised in Trial 204 (with or without
participating in Trial 208), which captured all relevant data from
the microbiological assessments and clinical monitoring of these
patients until the end of their treatment or until 24 months after
the date of randomisation in Trial 204, whichever came first.