Despite realizing these external factors, the material and “natural resource” basis of organizations
is still relatively ignored. That is, even with the rise of an environmental consciousness and the recognition
of organizational impacts on the environment, the impact of the natural environment on
organizations is relatively unexplored. A one-way relationship where organizations impact the environment
has developed rather than a conceptualization of the mutual dependencies. Organizational
theories to date have not produced an integrative understanding of how organizational actions both
influence and are influenced by the natural environment.