In fact there are potentially more ways of conceptualizing the interaction
of the global and the local; Gibson-Graham, for example, discusses six
(see Box 2.2). There has been much talk of the prospect of globalization
from above and globalization from below; if one accepts that
globalization is a dialectical process (that it is local and global at the
same time) the binary of globalization from above or below becomes
redundant – it happens both ways at the same time.