In short, the following key issues emerged in the course of the review of literature on the subject: the prevalence of certain myths and notions about “masculinity”; a lack of clear and firm alcohol-related policies; increasing HIV prevalence and the need to augment prevention efforts in this respect; the interwovenness of alcohol use, sexual risk behaviours and STI/HIV/AIDS; the effect of modernization and the media on the youth, which manifests in early drinking, early sexual activity and increasing vulnerability to risk behaviours; and a paucity of research data on alcohol and sexual risk behaviours across the countries.