The historical approach suggests that incorporating the history of science into science teaching can
augment students’ view of the NOS. Monk and Osborne (1997) provided a thorough justification for why
history and philosophy of science should be incorporated as an integral component of instruction and a model
for how history of science should be used to promote learning of and about science. They proposed a model for
how history of science should be used to promote the learning of science content as well as the nature of science
identifies six distinct phases: 1) Presentation; 2) Elicitation; 3) Historical Study; 4) Devising Tests; 5) The
Scientific View; and 6) Review and Evaluation. However, according to Khishfe and Abd-El-Khalick (2002),
two large-scale national studies produced conflicting results; therefore, they maintain that the effectiveness of
the historical approach is at best inconclusive.