The gender division of labor varies significantly across societies. In some cultures women actively
participate in employment outside of the home, while in others there is a clear specialization of
tasks along gender lines: women tend to remain within the home and do not participate in
activities outside of the domestic sphere. These differences are most clearly illustrated by the vast
differences in female labor force participation (FLFP), which in 2000 ranged from 16.1% (Pakistan)
to 90.5% (Burundi).1