Osteopenia and osteoporosis are characterised by
decreased bone mineralisation. Diagnosis of osteoporosis
rests on the measurement of BMD by ultrasound or by
dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry (DEXA) scan. Though
DEXA scan is superior to ultrasound, significant
correlations between BMD values for both techniques
have been reported in previous studies.7,8 Ultrasonic
method of measuring BMD is non-invasive, less costly
than DEXA, and measures BMD of the heel. BMD values
are converted into T scores by comparing them with
values of normal adult population. WHO defines
osteoporosis as T-score of 2.5 or more below the mean of
healthy adult population.6