The forest in the watershed consists mainly of Qinghai spruce (P. crassifolia) stands ranging from 80 to 120 years old. The stand density was 1100 trees/ha, leaf area index (LAI) of stand was 1.84. Average tree height was 11.8± 2.8 m and the average diameter at breast height (DBH) was 18.2±6.5 cm. Moss (Abietinella abietina)covered the entire forest floor. Moss is 10 cm to 20 cm tall and about 95% coverage. In the forest floor, there was no herbaceous vegetation and Qinghai spruce seedlings. The soil is gray-drab with a field water capacity of 53.8%, a total porosity of 71.4%, a bulk density of 850 kg m−3, and a soil depth of 0.7 m.