Land Environments: Lungs of Vertebrates
Terrestrial vertebrates have evolved lungs
Vascular outgrowths from lower pharyngeal region
Lungs of amphibians
-Possess a short tracheae which divides into two bronchi that open into lungs
-Many also breathe to some extent through skin
Reptiles
-Inner lining of lungs is more finely divided in reptiles than in amphiblans
Lungs of birds and mammals are elaborately subdivided
All terrestrial vertebrates, except birds, use a tidal ventilation system
Air moves in and out by the same route