Integrated approaches using multiple carbon sources will be
necessary to successfully implement novel biorefining systems
into feasible production schemes at industrial scale (Yang and
Yu, 2013). The co-fermentation strategies proposed in the present
study suggested that synergies can be drawn by combining unrelated
C-sources with cheese whey for high-yield lactobionic acid
production. As previous sections have shown, the use of multiple
C-sources may channel energy and carbon fluxes towards
improved production outputs while boosting the pool of lactobionic
acid-producing cells.