2. Apply the four methods of ethical reasoning (utilitarianism, rights, justice and virtue), do you think Massey Energy behaved in an ethical manner? Why or why not?
Although Massey stated the safety was first and production was second (S-1, P-2), and if that policy were adhered to, then the mining operation could be considered ethical according to utilitarianism theory. The problem was that the S-1, P-2 philosophy was not practiced by management and more importantly Massey labor. The lack of Massey employee rights seems to be the single most unethical infraction made by Massey management. The labor force had nearly zero voice to communicate issues or concerns about mine’s condition such as the alleged over accumulation of coal dust in the mine shafts or safety conditions like inadequate ventilation in the mine. The lack Massey employee rights carries over to the concept of justice, meaning there was almost no justice for the mining labor force. Although Massey management thought it was just to compensate the miners or a day’s pay for a day’s work. Unfortunately, reasonable working conditions and a safe environment should also have been part of the compensation by management to the employees, but they were not. Massey management confused virtue with work ethic and meeting standards. Although it is important to have employees with a good work ethic that meet established standards for production, there is no virtue with regards to the beliefs and actions of Massey management