2. Test design
2.1. Experimental set-up
The test chamber was 3.6 m (L) 1.5 m (W) 0.6 m (H) with
the walls, ceiling, and floor made of two 1 mm thick galvanized
steel plates sandwiching a 30 mm thick rock wool insulation layer,
with two 1.5 m (W) 0.2 m (H) openings A3 and B3 at bottom of
the test chamber as shown in Fig. 1(a).
3.5 L alcohol or diesel was used as the main fuel in the
£500 mm or £400 mm cast iron pan in the middle of the test
chamber. A 3 mm thick, 140 mm (L) 140 mm (W) synthetic rubber
piece in a £200 mm pan S1 or S2 was used as the target fuel to
be ignited on both sides of the main fuel pan, and the center-tocenter
distance between the main and secondary fuel pans is
400 mm, see Fig. 1(b). The electronic balance AND GX-30K and
METTLER PL4002 were used to measure the mass loss rate of fuels
separately.
TS-30B radiant heat flux meters R1–R4 were installed on both
sides of the secondary fuel pan to measure the radiant heat flux
to the floor in fire tests. Smoke composition concentrations were
measured by three MRU VARIO PLUS gas analyzers. Smoke probes
C1 and C2 were installed 150 mm high above the floor and 600 mm
from the center of the main fuel, and the smoke probe C3 was
150 mm below the top and 550 mm from the end of the test model.
No