Causes
The causes of hemorrhagic shock are traumatic, vascular, GI, or pregnancy related, as follows:
Traumatic causes can result from penetrating and blunt trauma. Common traumatic injuries that can result in hemorrhagic shock include the following: myocardial laceration and rupture, major vessel laceration, solid abdominal organ injury, pelvic and femoral fractures, and scalp lacerations.
Vascular disorders that can result in significant blood loss include aneurysms, dissections, and arteriovenous malformations.
GI disorders that can result in hemorrhagic shock include the following: bleeding esophageal varices, bleeding peptic ulcers, Mallory-Weiss tears, and aortointestinal fistulas.
Pregnancy-related disorders include ruptured ectopic pregnancy, placenta previa, and abruption of the placenta. Hypovolemic shock secondary to an ectopic pregnancy is common. Hypovolemic shock secondary to an ectopic pregnancy in a patient with a negative urine pregnancy test is rare but has been reported.
CausesThe causes of hemorrhagic shock are traumatic, vascular, GI, or pregnancy related, as follows:Traumatic causes can result from penetrating and blunt trauma. Common traumatic injuries that can result in hemorrhagic shock include the following: myocardial laceration and rupture, major vessel laceration, solid abdominal organ injury, pelvic and femoral fractures, and scalp lacerations.Vascular disorders that can result in significant blood loss include aneurysms, dissections, and arteriovenous malformations.GI disorders that can result in hemorrhagic shock include the following: bleeding esophageal varices, bleeding peptic ulcers, Mallory-Weiss tears, and aortointestinal fistulas.Pregnancy-related disorders include ruptured ectopic pregnancy, placenta previa, and abruption of the placenta. Hypovolemic shock secondary to an ectopic pregnancy is common. Hypovolemic shock secondary to an ectopic pregnancy in a patient with a negative urine pregnancy test is rare but has been reported.
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