Our previous study discussed the construction of an engineered E. coli that could efficiently produce (R)-1,3-butanediol (with the highest titer reported so far) from glucose under aerobic conditions through an artificial (R)-1,3-butanediol synthetic pathway designed by combining the poly(3-hydroxybutyrate) biosynthetic pathway and the 1-butanol pathway ( Fig. 1A) ( Kataoka et al., 2013 and Kataoka et al., 2014). Here, we report the construction of the functions of CoA-dependent 1-butanol synthetic pathway under aerobic conditions, which was designed by expanding the (R)-1,3-butanediol synthetic pathway in E. coli. Culture conditions were optimized for 1-butanol production to evaluate the potential of the constructed synthetic pathway.