Disability is usually associated with poorer self-rated health. However, as many people with disabilities
do not consider themselves unhealthy, the association may not be as straightforward as it appears. This
study examines whether the relationship between disability and self-rated health is dependent on a
country's welfare regime. Welfare regimes can play a significant role in securing the needs of disabled
people and lessening their social exclusion. However, welfare regimes also label disabled people
accordingly, before they become entitled to specific provisions and services. Being given a low status
label and being dependent on welfare provisions might trigger a negative self-evaluation of health. Using
data from 57 countries of the World Health Survey of 2002e2004, the multilevel regression analyses
show that people with a disability tend to rate their health worse than people without any disability.
Moreover, the strength of this negative association varies significantly across countries and is affected by
a country's welfare regime. The association is the strongest in the various Welfare State regimes (mostly
European countries) and the weakest in Informal-Security regimes (Latin-American and Asian countries)
and in Insecurity regimes (African countries). Disabled people living in Welfare States regimes tend to
rate their health worse than people in other regimes. These findings confirm that welfare regimes play a
role in shaping the health perception of disabled people and that processes of labeling may result in
unintended and negative consequences of welfare programs. Research on the nexus between disability
and self-rated health that neglects this macro-social context of welfare regimes may lead to undifferentiated
and even incorrect conclusions.