Among the productivity-enhancing technologies, protected cultivation has a tremendous potential to increase the yield of vegetables and flower crops by several folds. Greenhouse crop production is now a growing reality throughout the world with an estimated 405,000 ha of greenhouses spread over all the continents. There are more than 55 countries now in the world where cultivation of crops is undertaken on a commercial scale under cover, and it is continuously growing at a fast rate internationally. The need for protected cultivation, present status, and different vegetable and flower crops grown in greenhouse are discussed.