Brand Value is also referred to has Brand Equity. A brand can be an intangible asset, used by consultants like Brand Finance to rationalise the variation between a company's "book value" and market value. For example, groundbreaking research conducted by Brand Finance demonstrated that 62% of the world's business is now intangible. This represents $19.5 trillion of $31.6 trillion global market value.
Brand value in the case of consumer product brands can be measured through customer loyalty, staff retention/recruitment. Therefore Brand value can be influenced positively and negatively; with a number of famous examples where Brands have made the right (Intel Inside marketing activity) or wrong decision (New Coke vs the American public).